Nutrition is an integral part of health and development. Improve infant child, and maternal health, more robust immune systems, safer pregnancy, lower risk of non-communicable diseases (such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases), and longevity all are related along with better nutrition. People can be more productive and can create opportunities with which they can gradually break the cycles of poverty and hunger only if they acquire an adequate amount of nutrition. Healthy children can learn better if they have proper nutrition in them. In the present situation, human health is significantly threatened in the form of malnutrition.
A double burden of malnutrition that includes undernutrition and overweight, which can be seen in low- and middle-income countries, is the problem world is facing today. Decision-making tools and scientific advice are provided by WHO that can help countries take action to address all forms of malnutrition that are supported to be healthy and for the well-being of people of all ages.
The biochemical and psychological process by which an organism uses food to sustain its life is nutrition. The functions include ingestion, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis catabolism and excretion. The provision of essential nutrients in food necessary to support human life and good wealth is known as human nutrition.
If nutrition lacks in the human body, it can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism. If nutrients are excess in the human body, it may threaten conditions it may cause obesity and metabolic syndrome. It may also cause some chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and osteoporosis. Under nutrition may cause chronic cases of malnutrition. The studying of the psychological process of nutrition is called nutritional science or nutrition science.
Why Required Nutrition in Daily life
People must have balanced nutrition in daily life. Nutrition can be offset by eating the right amount of food in a large variety. Food provides carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, minerals that are essential for a healthy body. Good health can also be determined for the right amount of water and exercise. Grains provide carbohydrates. Grains also offer some protein that is combined with legumes(beans), nuts, seeds, dairy or meat.
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Fiber and vitamins are consumed from half of the grain category. Vegetables are an important source of vitamins, minerals and fiber. Carbohydrates and some vegetable proteins are also provided by vegetables such as potatoes which are needed to be eaten with another protein to be complete. Vitamin, minerals and fibers are also provided by fruits which are an important part of balanced nutrition. Quick energy from sugar is provided by fruits. One serving of food is the same as half to three fourth cup or 120 to 180 ml of fruit juice. Too much of having fruits is not a wise option as it tends high in sugar.
Complete proteins and significant minerals are provided by dairy products. Vitamin D and vitamin A are commonly supplemented with them. Dairy products are essential for a woman. It is highly recommended to eat dairy products that are rich in their daily diet. Meat, chicken, egg, fish and soybeans are the sources of complete protein.
People may also have complete protein from nuts, seeds, or grains such as rice and corn. The balanced nutrition required vegetable oil to provide a balanced essential fatty acid. They can be used in food preparation like fries, salad dressing and spreads etc. To avoid excess weight gain, discretionary calories should be limited. It limits the eating of vitamin, mineral, and protein rich foods essential to good health and function.
So, the summary tells if someone wants to maintain a proper nutrition diet, he or she must include nutrition like grain for carbohydrates and fiber, vitamins, minerals, and fiber from bright color vegetables and fruit, dairy products for calcium and protein and also meats and nuts for protein. Also, fat oils are important for essential fatty acids. Lastly, iodized salt must be used in all food preparation.
Types of nutrients and their benefits
There are seven types of nutrients that the body needs. They are as follows: carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, proteins, fiber, minerals and water. Then first comes protein. For good health, proteins are the building blocks of life. There are 20 different chains of amino acids which comprise proteins. Proteins are broken into amino acids for the body during digestion. Eight essential amino acids which cannot be made by adult bodies must be eaten. Food like meats and animal products such as milk, yogurt, cheese eggs contain complete protein.
There are some other protein sources such as grains, peanut butter, cereals, nuts or seeds. There is much importance of protein in the human body which are as follows: protein provides components gene and cell reproduction. Instruction of the genes in the cells is carried out by protein. It may form a major part of the muscle, including the heart. It may help to make up tendons and most connective tissues. The making of collagen and cartilage, which determine the shape of the skeleton, are by protein.
Protein is also important to control the chemical reaction of life as enzymes and also balanced body function as hormones. Protein helps to repair body damage by forming scar tissue. Proteins help to defend against infection as antibodies. Second, comes carbohydrates. Atoms for one water molecule for each atom of carbon are contained by carbohydrates.
The basic dietary for carbohydrates is monosaccharide along with six carbons. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples. Sugar in the blood is glucose. Corn syrup is made by breaking the short-chain of glucose, which is often known as cornstarch. The long chain or polymer of glucose is also known as cellulose. It may be referred to as one of the several indigestible carbohydrates call fiber.
There is many importance of carbohydrates in the body which are as follows: energy for brain, muscle and other body function is provided by carbohydrates. Carbohydrates may also combine with proteins or fat, which may be important parts of cartilage, connective tissue, the nervous system and the immune system. Carbohydrates may also contribute to stool softness and normal bowel function as fiber.
Carbohydrates are digested into monosaccharides in the intestine. Monosaccharides are then absorbed and carried to the liver. Then the glycogen is formed as the liver uses the glucose or other monosaccharides for circulation. Without requiring insulin, the circulating glucose fuels nerves, brains, eyes and other tissue. Insulin moves in muscles and fat cells when blood glucose is high. When glycogen replenished from the diet, then carbohydrate is not replenished regularly, and thus carbohydrates are digested and controlled.
Then comes fat. Carbon and hydrogen are made of fats. Triglycerides which are the most dietary fats, are made with three fatty acids. Depending on how much hydrogen can be added, fatty acids can be saturated. Concentrated energy is provided by saturated fats, which tend to be solid. The healthy form of concentrated energy is mono saturated fats, for example, fats in olive, canola, and peanut oils. Many important things are needed by a body, and important are as follows: Cell walls and chambers are the cell membrane of fat which keeps fluid separated from the chemical reaction. It is required to function the essential fatty acids normally.
Fat can also be important insulation for the human body. The fat that is present under the skin insulates the body from extreme temperature. The physical shop or injury of important organs are also insulated by the layer of fats. The layer around nerve cells that electrically insulates the cell from each other is also done by the layers of fat. To store energy fat is an efficient way about 3500 calories are contained in a pound of fat. As carbohydrates, if energy were stored instead of fats, then the weight of the body would have been 30 percent greater.
Fat also contains cholesterol which performs several functions in the human body. Then comes minerals which are required in large amounts in a diet. In a normal daily diet, over 200gm of the micro mineral are required. There are some of the key elements that are included in minerals which are iron from meat, calcium from milk products, zinc and iodine. These elements are important for the body’s functioning. Then comes vitamins which are also important as the other nutrients. Vegetables are the good source of vitamins.
Vitamin A which are found in animals and supplemented foods are important to avoid impaired vison, night blindness and dry eyes. Vitamin D which are found in fish oils and fortified foods. These helps to avoid deficiency in childhood leads to bone deformity of rickets. Vitamin E which will prevent anemia. Vitamin K which will defend blood clotting and poor mineralization of bone.
Vitamin C which prevents the human body from the loss of appetite, diarrhea, shortness of breath, weakness, fatigue, irritability, depression, leg pain, bleeding gums. It will also help to pair immune response. Consuming vitamin will help to prevent the human body from getting fatty liver and liver damage. Thus, it is essential to intake all these nutrients for good and healthy life.
